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When processing aluminum alloy and engineering plastics, we will encounter the problem of workpiece deformation. Workpiece deformation is caused by many reasons. We need to analyze them one by one, find out the problems, and apply the right medicine to the case. Today, let's talk about how to deal with the deformation of the workpiece processed by the engineering plastic processing center.
Secondly, the contact area between workpiece and fixture should be increased or axial clamping force should be adopted. Increasing the rigidity of parts is an effective way to solve the clamping deformation, but due to the shape and structure characteristics of thin-walled parts, they have low rigidity. In this way, deformation will occur under the action of clamping force. Increasing the contact area between the workpiece and fixture can effectively reduce the deformation of the workpiece during clamping.
For example, when milling thin-walled parts, a large number of elastic pressing plates are used to increase the stress area of the contact parts; When turning the inner diameter and outer circle of the thin-walled sleeve, whether using a simple open transition ring or using an elastic mandrel, a full arc claw, etc., the contact area when clamping the workpiece is increased. This method is conducive to bearing the clamping force, to avoid the deformation of parts. The axial clamping force is also widely used in production. The design and manufacture of special fixtures can make the clamping force act on the end face, which can solve the bending deformation of the workpiece caused by the thin wall and poor rigidity of the workpiece.
Select high-speed machining. In high-speed machining, because the chips are removed in a short time, most of the cutting heat is taken away by the chips, which reduces the thermal deformation of the workpiece; Secondly, in high-speed machining, due to the reduction of the softening part of the cutting layer material, it can also reduce the deformation of parts processing, which is conducive to ensuring the size and shape accuracy of parts. In addition, cutting fluid is mainly used to reduce friction and cutting temperature in the cutting process. Rational use of cutting fluid plays an important role in improving the durability of cutting tools, machining surface quality, and machining accuracy. Therefore, to prevent the deformation of parts in machining, we must reasonably use sufficient cutting fluid.
Using reasonable cutting parameters in machining is the key factor to ensure the accuracy of parts. When machining thin-walled parts with high precision requirements, symmetrical machining is generally adopted to balance the stress generated on the opposite two sides to reach a stable state, and the workpiece is flat after machining. However, when a certain process adopts a large cutting amount, the workpiece will be deformed due to the imbalance of tensile stress and compressive stress.
The deformation of thin-walled parts during turning is multifaceted, including the clamping force when clamping the workpiece, the cutting force when cutting the workpiece, and the elastic and plastic deformation when the workpiece hinders the cutting tool, which increases the temperature of the cutting area and produces thermal deformation. Therefore, in rough machining, the back cutting and feed can be larger; During finish machining, the tool amount is generally 0.2 ~ 0.5mm, the feed rate is generally 0.1 ~ 0.2mm/r, or even smaller, and the cutting speed is 6 ~ 120m/min. During finish machining, the cutting speed should be as high as possible, but it is not easy to be too high. Select the cutting parameters reasonably, to achieve the purpose of reducing the deformation of parts.